1.3.4 Anti-trafficking policies
Content
- Geographic inquiry and concept(s)
- Population possibilities and power over the decision-making process
- Geographic knowledge and understanding
- Policies associated with managing population change, focusing on: gender equality policies and anti-trafficking policies
- Case study or detailed examples
- Neither required by the syllabus
- Aims of this lesson
- To have knowledge of anti-trafficking policies and understand how it can impact the flow of people
Base knowledge and understanding
News article
Employees at firm that supplied grape-pickers for champagne on trial for human trafficking
Police found 57 people allegedly held in fetid conditons in case known as ‘grape harvest of shame’
The Guardian · 19 June 2025
Key terms
- Anti-trafficking policy
- Government or international measures designed to prevent human trafficking, prosecute traffickers and protect victims. These operate at multiple scales, from international conventions to national legislation and local enforcement.
- Forced labour
- Work or service that is exacted from a person under the threat of penalty and for which the person has not offered themselves voluntarily. It is one of the main forms of exploitation linked to human trafficking.
- Human smuggling
- The facilitation of illegal border crossing, usually for a fee, where the relationship between smuggler and migrant typically ends upon arrival. Unlike trafficking, it involves the consent of the person being smuggled.
- Human trafficking
- The recruitment, transportation or harbouring of people through force, fraud or coercion for the purpose of exploitation, with victims being overwhelmingly female.
- Palermo Protocol
- A protocol to the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, adopted in 2000 in Palermo, Italy. It is the first international legally binding instrument with an agreed definition of trafficking in persons, requiring states to criminalise trafficking and protect victims.
- Sexual exploitation
- A form of human trafficking in which victims are coerced into commercial sexual services. It is the most common purpose of trafficking and disproportionately affects women and girls.
- Trafficking
- The act of buying, selling, or transporting people, often through the use of force, fraud, or deception, for the purpose of exploiting them for labour, services, or commercial sex acts.
- Transnational organised crime
- Criminal activity that is planned, carried out or has significant effects across national borders. It includes drug trafficking, arms trafficking and human trafficking, and is addressed by the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (2000).
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Review
- Explain one challenge that governments face in implementing anti-trafficking policies. [2]
- Explain two ways in which gender equality policies can influence demographic change. [4]
- Gender equality policies are the most effective way to manage population change. To what extent do you agree with this statement? [10]
- “The main reason for the change in fertility rates is the increased empowerment of women.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? [10]