Home » IB DP Geography » Geographic themes [Paper 1] » Geographic theme: Food and health » fh.2 Food systems and spread of diseases » fh.2.2 Variations in food consumption

fh.2.2 Variations in food consumption

Content

  • Geographic inquiry and concept(s)
    • How physical and human processes lead to changes in food production and consumption, and incidence and spread of disease.
  • Geographic knowledge and understanding
    • The physical and human processes that can lead to variations in food consumption
  • Case study or detailed examples
    • Neither required by the syllabus
  • Aims of this lesson
    • To have knowledge and understanding of the physical processes that impact food consumption.
    • To have knowledge and understanding of the human processes that impact food consumption.

Base knowledge and understanding

News article

‘One bite and he was hooked’: from Kenya to Nepal, how parents are battling ultra-processed foods

Five families around the world share their struggles to keep their children away from UPFs

The Guardian · 4 December 2025

Key terms

  • Cultural trait
    • A single identifiable material or non-material element within a culture.
  • Food consumption
    • The amount and dietary composition of food consumed by an individual or population.
  • Processes
    • Processes are human or physical mechanisms of change, such as migration or weathering. They operate on varying timescales. Linear systems, circular systems, and complex systems are all outcomes of the way in which processes operate and interact.
  • Urbanisation
    • The process by which an increasing percentage of a country’s population comes to live in towns and cities. It may involve both rural–urban migration and natural increase.
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Review

Review

Climate change, food and farming: 2010s
Climate change, food and farming: 2030s
Climate change, food and farming: 2050s

Using one of the factors in the infographics, explain the influence that it has on the consumption of food. [4 marks]

  1. Explain how climate variability can lead to changes in agricultural output in a named region. [3]
  2. Explain how rising incomes can lead to changes in dietary patterns within a population. [3]
  3. Examine how physical and human processes can lead to spatial variations in food production and consumption. [10]
  4. Examine the reasons why global patterns of food security vary between regions and over time. [10]
  5. Examine how the water footprint and energy efficiency of different food production systems vary between places. [10]
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