5.1 Development opportunities

Unit Contents

• 5.1.1 Human development
• 5.1.2 Closing the development gap
• 5.1.3 Social entrepreneurship

5.1 Development opportunities is part of the higher level extension — Global interactions (Paper 3). The geographic inquiry for this sub-topic is: ways of supporting the processes of human development

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Geographic inquiry: Ways of supporting the processes of human development

• The multidimensional process of human development and ways to measure it:
  • validity and reliability of development indicators and indices, including the human development index (HDI) and gender inequality index (GII)
  • UN Sustainable Development Goals criteria
  • empowering women and indigenous or minority groups
  • Detailed illustrative examples of affirmative action to close the development gap
• The importance of social entrepreneurship approaches for human development:
  • the work of microfinance organizations and their networks
  • alternative trading networks such as “Fairtrade”
  • TNC corporate social responsibility frameworks and global agreements

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